बी. एस. सी. (I सेमेस्टर)
जन्तु विज्ञान
कोशिका विज्ञान, आनुवंशिकी एवं संक्रामक रोग
B.Sc. (I Semester)
ZOOLOGY
Cytology, Genetics and Infectious Diseases

SYLLABUS

Unit-I : Structure and Function of Cell Organelles - I
• Plasma membrane : chemical structure-lipids and proteins.
• Cell-cell interaction : cell adhesion molecules, cellular junctions.
• Endo membrane system : protein targeting and sorting, endocytosis, exocytosis. Introduction "to all national and international Biologists (Zoologists) who have contributed/contributing to Zoological and Life Sciences as a mark of tribute to ancient and modern biology will be included as part of the Continuous Internal Evaluation (CIE) .

UNIT-II : Structure and Function of Cell Organelles - II
• Cytoskeleton: microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments.
• Mitochondria: Structure, oxidative phosphorylation and electron transport system.
• Peroxisome and ribosome: structure and function

Unit-III : Nucleus and Chromatin Structure
• Structure and function of nucleus in eukaryotes.
• Chemical structure and base composition of DNA and RNA
• DNA : Chromatin organization (Nucleosome and Solenoid structure), structure of chromosomes.
• Types of DNA (A, B & Z) and RNA (m, t and r)

Unit-IV : Cell cycle, Cell Division and Cell Signalling
• Cell division: mitosis and meiosis
• Cell cycle and its regulation, apoptosis
• Signal transduction intracellular signaling and cell surface receptors: G-protein coupled receptors.

Unit-V : Mendelism and Sex Determination
• Basic principles of heredity : Mendel's laws, monohybrid and dihybrid crosses.
• Complete and Incomplete Dominance.
• Penetrance and expressivity
• Genic Sex-Determining Systems, Environmental Sex Determination, Sex Determination in Drosophila.
• Sex-linked characteristics and Dosage compensation.

Unit-VI : Extensions of Mendelism, Genes and Environment
• Extensions of Mendelism: Multiple Alleles, Gene Interaction.
• The Interaction Between Sex and Heredity: Sex- Influenced and Sex- Limited Characteristics
• Cytoplasmic Inheritance, Genetic Maternal Effects.
• Environmental Effects on Gene Expression.

Unit-VII : Human Chromosomes and Patterns of Inheritance
• Human karyotype
• Chromosomal anomalies : Structural and numerical aberrations with examples.
• Pedigree analysis.
• Patterns of inheritance : autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, X-linked recessive, X-linked dominant

Unit-VIII : Infectious Diseases
• Introduction to pathogenic organisms viruses (HIV, SARS-CoV-2), bacteria (Tuberculosis, Meningitis), fungi (Aspergillosis, Candidiasis), protozoa (Malaria, Sleeping Sickness), and worms (Ascariasis, Taeniasis).
• Structure, life cycle, pathogenicity, including diseases causes, symptoms and control of common parasites: Trypanosoma, Giardia and Wuchereria.

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